Start with the ticket and the bags
Ask whether the flights are on one through-booked itinerary or separate tickets. Confirm with the airline where your checked bag will be delivered and whether you need another boarding pass. Never infer baggage transfer from the airline names alone.
For a self-transfer, investigate baggage collection, entry formalities, a new check-in and security. Heathrow, for example, tells separately booked passengers to reclaim bags and check in again; other airports and itineraries need their own check.
Map every transfer step
Use the airport’s official connection planner for your arrival and departure terminals. Note whether you stay airside, need a shuttle or train, or must move between airports. Ask about step-free routes or assistance if long walks are difficult.
Check transit and entry requirements with the relevant government for your passport and itinerary, especially if you must leave the transit area. There is no single safe connection time for every route.
Decide what happens if the first flight is late
Before booking, consider whether a later onward flight would still meet your needs. Check change conditions and ask the airline how it handles a missed connection on your itinerary. Do not assume a separate ticket will be rebooked for free.
On arrival, recheck the next flight’s terminal and gate. If time is tight, ask airport or airline staff for the correct route and contact the onward carrier promptly. Keep any revised booking and baggage instructions together.
Policies and laws can change. Confirm urgent or booking-specific questions using the airline or regulator's official source.